Early Signs of High Blood Sugar and How to Prevent It: Expert Insights from Dr. Subhash Giri

Diabetes has become one of the most pressing health challenges in India, with cases rising rapidly, especially in urban areas. The condition develops when blood sugar levels remain high for an extended period, often without noticeable symptoms in the early stages. Many people fail to recognize the warning signs until complications arise. According to Dr. Subhash Giri, Unit Head of the Department of Medicine at RML Hospital, understanding these early indicators can help in timely diagnosis and effective prevention.

When blood sugar levels remain uncontrolled for long, it gradually affects several organs. The kidneys, eyes, and nerves are often the first to suffer. Excess glucose in the blood damages the nerves, leading to tingling, burning sensations, or numbness in the hands and feet. Prolonged high sugar levels also put stress on the heart, raising the risk of heart disease and stroke. Moreover, the body’s healing ability decreases, causing even small wounds to take longer to heal. If neglected, chronic high sugar can lead to severe complications such as diabetic retinopathy, nerve damage, and kidney failure.

Dr. Giri explains that the three most common early signs of high blood sugar include:

Increased thirst and frequent urination – When blood sugar levels rise, the body tries to eliminate the excess glucose through urine, leading to dehydration and excessive thirst.

Fatigue and weakness – Elevated sugar levels prevent the body’s cells from effectively absorbing glucose for energy, leaving a person feeling constantly tired and sluggish.

Sudden weight loss or increased appetite – Due to a lack of insulin or insulin resistance, the body cannot convert glucose into energy and instead begins breaking down fat and muscle, resulting in unintentional weight loss despite increased hunger.

If these symptoms persist, it’s crucial to get your blood sugar tested without delay. Early detection can prevent long-term complications.

To protect yourself from high blood sugar, experts recommend regular check-ups and adopting healthy lifestyle habits. Incorporate whole grains, leafy green vegetables, and protein-rich foods into your diet. Avoid sugary and processed foods that can cause sudden glucose spikes. Engage in at least 30 minutes of daily physical activity such as walking, yoga, or light exercise. Manage stress through meditation or hobbies, as stress hormones can raise blood sugar levels. Keep an eye on blood pressure and cholesterol as advised by your doctor, and ensure you get enough sleep and stay hydrated throughout the day.